Sociological Research in Religion: Statistical Considerations
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
The application of quantitative research has diminished in recent years in favor of qualitative research. This article present a history of statistics, suggests the applicability of statistics to religion related research, and recommends websites for initial data collection, as a way to diffuse student anxiety in the application of quantitative research. The discipline of Statistics developed in the 20th century; Pearson, Edgeworth, Yule, Gosset, and Fisher were prime movers in the development of the language and procedures of statistics. Ronald Aylmer Fisher contributed more to the theory and practice of mathematical statistics than anyone else. The academic discipline of statistics in the United States was fostered at Iowa State University under the direction of George W. Snedecor and the electronic digital computer was invented on the campus of Iowa State University by John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford E. Berry. A.C. Elliott and Associates of TexaSoft Company applied the electronic digital computer to solve mathematical formulas of several statistical procedures.  A number of organizations dedicated to the study of religion and related issues were listed. Wave III of the Baylor Religion Survey was recently released. The statistical revolution has become so widely used that its unspoken history has become part of the popular culture of the Western world.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
##article.references##
American Heritage Dictionary. (2011). Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://www.answers. com/topic/statistical-significance
Basics of Bayesian Inference and Belief Networks. (2011). Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://research.microsoft.com/enus/um/redmond/groups/adapt/msbnx/msbnx/ba sics_of_bayesian_inference.htm
Baylor News Clip. (2011). Retrieved on September 24, 2011 from http://www.baylor.edu/ newsclips/index.php?id=85125
Cochran, W.G. & Cox, G.M. (1950). Experimental designs. New York, NY: John Wiley& Sons.
David. H.A. (2011). History of statistics in the classroom. Retrieved on August 13, 2011 from http://www.stat.auckland.ac.nz/~iase/publications/jsm/03.davidpap.pdf
Elliott, A.C. (2011). WINKS statistical data analysis: User’s guide, (7th ed.). Cedar Hill, TX: TexaSoft.
Fisher, R.A. (1925). Statistical methods for research workers. Edinburgh, Scotland: Oliver & Boyd.
Fisher, R.A. (1935). The design of experiments. New York: NY: MacMillan.
Free Online Dictionary. (2011). Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/
Ghosh, M., Reid, N., & Fraser. (2011). Ancillary statistics: A review. Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://www.utstat.toronto.edu/dfraser/documents/237.pdf
Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Department of Computer Science. (2011). Retrieved on August 13, 2011 from http://www.cs.iastate.edu/jva/jva-archive.shtml
Johnson, N.L. & Kotz, S. (Eds.). (1997). Leading personalities in statistical sciences: From the seventeenth century to the present. New York: NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Kolmogorov, A. N. (1956). Foundations of the theory of probability, (2nd ed.). New York: Chelsea.
Pearson, K. (1892). The grammar of science. London: A. & C. Black.
Porter, T.M. (1986). The rise of statistical thinking 1820-1900. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Salsburg, D. (2001). Lady tasting teach: How statistics revolutionized science in the twentieth century. New York, NY: Henry Holt.
Scuro, S.R. (April, 2004). Introduction to error theory, VP-218 04/04. Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://physics.uwyo.edu/~adrian/p1220Fall2010/Error_Theory.pdf
Snedecor, G.W. (1940). Statistical methods applied to agriculture and biology. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.
Steele, J.M. (2011). Probability theory. Contract no: BAP098M-RG-15-Med. Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://wwwstat.wharton.upenn.edu/~steele/Publications/PDF/PT.pdf
Stigler, S.M. (1999). Statistics on the table: The history of statistical concepts and methods. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
William Sealey Gosset. (2011). Retrieved on August 8, 2011 from Http://www.morris.umn.edu/ ~sungurea/introstat/history/w98/gusset.html
Yule, G.U. (1911). An introduction to the theory of statistics. London: Charles Griffin.
Basics of Bayesian Inference and Belief Networks. (2011). Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://research.microsoft.com/enus/um/redmond/groups/adapt/msbnx/msbnx/ba sics_of_bayesian_inference.htm
Baylor News Clip. (2011). Retrieved on September 24, 2011 from http://www.baylor.edu/ newsclips/index.php?id=85125
Cochran, W.G. & Cox, G.M. (1950). Experimental designs. New York, NY: John Wiley& Sons.
David. H.A. (2011). History of statistics in the classroom. Retrieved on August 13, 2011 from http://www.stat.auckland.ac.nz/~iase/publications/jsm/03.davidpap.pdf
Elliott, A.C. (2011). WINKS statistical data analysis: User’s guide, (7th ed.). Cedar Hill, TX: TexaSoft.
Fisher, R.A. (1925). Statistical methods for research workers. Edinburgh, Scotland: Oliver & Boyd.
Fisher, R.A. (1935). The design of experiments. New York: NY: MacMillan.
Free Online Dictionary. (2011). Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/
Ghosh, M., Reid, N., & Fraser. (2011). Ancillary statistics: A review. Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://www.utstat.toronto.edu/dfraser/documents/237.pdf
Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Department of Computer Science. (2011). Retrieved on August 13, 2011 from http://www.cs.iastate.edu/jva/jva-archive.shtml
Johnson, N.L. & Kotz, S. (Eds.). (1997). Leading personalities in statistical sciences: From the seventeenth century to the present. New York: NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Kolmogorov, A. N. (1956). Foundations of the theory of probability, (2nd ed.). New York: Chelsea.
Pearson, K. (1892). The grammar of science. London: A. & C. Black.
Porter, T.M. (1986). The rise of statistical thinking 1820-1900. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Salsburg, D. (2001). Lady tasting teach: How statistics revolutionized science in the twentieth century. New York, NY: Henry Holt.
Scuro, S.R. (April, 2004). Introduction to error theory, VP-218 04/04. Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://physics.uwyo.edu/~adrian/p1220Fall2010/Error_Theory.pdf
Snedecor, G.W. (1940). Statistical methods applied to agriculture and biology. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.
Steele, J.M. (2011). Probability theory. Contract no: BAP098M-RG-15-Med. Retrieved on August 9, 2011 from http://wwwstat.wharton.upenn.edu/~steele/Publications/PDF/PT.pdf
Stigler, S.M. (1999). Statistics on the table: The history of statistical concepts and methods. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
William Sealey Gosset. (2011). Retrieved on August 8, 2011 from Http://www.morris.umn.edu/ ~sungurea/introstat/history/w98/gusset.html
Yule, G.U. (1911). An introduction to the theory of statistics. London: Charles Griffin.
Section
Research Articles